Systematic position
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii (Ray-finned fishes)
Order: Perciformes (Perches)
Suborder: Gobioidei
Family: Eleotridae (Eleotrididae; Sleepers)
Subfamily: Eleotrinae
Genus: Eleotris
Species: E. lutea
Synonyms: No synonyms
Common/local names
English: Lutea sleeper
Bangladesh: Kuli (কুলি)
Distributions: Bangladesh (Rahman, 1989 and 2005); India (West Bengal and Andaman) and Myanmar (Talwar and Jhingran, 1991).
Conservation status: Not threatened in Bangladesh (IUCN Bangladesh, 2000).
Morphology: Body elongated, compressed with depressed head. Anterior nostrils tubular at the anterior margin of the snout and posterior is rounded slits and present at the upper margin of the eye. Lower jaw is more longer than upper and is prominent. Villiform teeth present with 3-4 rows in both jaws, outer row enlarged, in the lower jaw inner row enlarged. Snout, cheek, opercle and interorbital are naked and contains mucous canal. A single strong spine present at through downward and forward at the angle of the preopercle. Large and truncate tongue present. Gill membrane broadly united with isthmus. Scales small, ctenoid on the body, but cycloid scales on head, belly are founded. Lateral line with 45-50 scales where 22-23 rows before the first dorsal. Both dorsal and anal fin are lower than the body. Pelvics and pectorals are of similar in length and pectoral as long as the head excluding the snout. Caudal is obtusely rounded and shorter than head. Brownish or grayish and dark vertical bands across the body. Bands are more distinct in posterior region of the body. Black bands with black spot present on dorsal and fin. Caudal fin black and slightly reticulated.
Head 3.0-3.4 in standard and 3.7-4.2 in total length. Height 4.0-4.5 in standard, 5.2-5.8 in total length. Eye 5.2; snout 1.0-1.2 and interorbital 1.6 (Rahman, 1989 and 2005).
Fin formula:
D1. V1; D2 1/8; 14-15; P2 1/5; A 1/8 (Rahman, 1989 and 2005)
D1 VI, D2 I 8; P 15; V I 5 (Talwar and Jhingran, 1991)
Maximum lengths: 6.4 cm (Rahman, 1989 and 2005) and 4 cm (Talwar and Jhingran, 1991).
Habitats: Inhabits estuaries (Talwar and Jhingran, 1991); rivers and estuary (Rahman, 1989 and 2005); also occurs in fresh and brackish water and some are truly marine (Siddiquee et al. 2007). Recorded from the Meghna and Dakatia rivers near Chandpur (Rahman, 1989 and 2005).
Food and feeding: Carnivorous fish. Adult feed mainly on zoo benthos such as benthic crustacean and insects. Sometimes they feed on small bony fishes (Siddiquee et al., 2007)
Fishery info: Of no interest to fisheries (Talwar and Jhingran, 1991).
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REFERENCES
Day F (1876) The fishes of India; being a natural history of the fishes known to inhabit the seas and fresh waters of India, Burma, and Ceylon. The fishes of India; being a natural history of the fishes known to inhabit the seas and fresh waters of India, Burma, and Ceylon. Part 2: 169-368, Pls. 41-78.
IUCN Bangladesh (2000) Red book of threatened fishes of Bangladesh, IUCN- The world conservation union. xii+116 pp.
Rahman AKA (1989) Freshwater Fishes of Bangladesh, 1st edition, Zoological Society of Bangladesh, Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, p. 287
Rahman AKA (2005) Freshwater Fishes of Bangladesh, 2nd edition, Zoological Society of Bangladesh, Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, pp. 312-313.
Siddiqui KU, Islam MA, Kabir SMH, Ahmad ATA, Rahman AKA, Haque EU, Ahmed ZU, Begum ZNT, Hasan MA, Khondker M and Rahman MM (eds) (2007) Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh, Vol. 23. Freshwater Fishes. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka. p. 227.
Talwar PK and Jhingran AG (1991) Inland Fishes of India and Adjacent Countries, Vol. 2, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi-Calcutta, p. 976.
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