Bangladesh is a riverine country and more than 700 rivers are present in this country (BFRI, 2007). In ancient time river was the main source of fishes from where people consume and mitigate their demand. Fishes bred and live in river without facing problems. There are four stock of Indian major carps are found in our country; these are Padma (Ganga), Zamuna (Brahmmaputra), Meghna (Barak) and Halda. Ganga stock in Bihara of India Brahmmaputra in Asam and Barak stock in Tipaimukh of Asam. Only the stock of Halda are in Bangladesh.
This river Halda originates from the hills of Ramgor in the district of Khagrachhari and It flows through Fatikchhari Upazila, Hathazari Upazila, Raozan Upazila and Chittagong Chandgaon Thana before falling into the Karnaphuli River. It is very important because in this subcontinent as well as our country pure fertilized eggs of Indian major carps have been found only in this river. It also have an enormous diversity of fishes and 71 species of fishes are available here from where 15 species have already extinct and most of them are in vulnerable situation. A checklist of fishes found in Halda river and their present status are given here-
|
Sl No. |
Family & Scientific name |
Local name |
English name |
Present status in Halda |
| Cyprinidae: | ||||
| 1 | Mola (মলা) | Pale carplet | LP | |
| 2 | Bani koksa (বানী কোকসা) | Barred baril | EX | |
| 3 | Katla, Katol (কাতলা) | Indian major carp | LP | |
| 4 | Chep chela (চেপ চেলা) | Silver hachet | LP, VU | |
| 5 | Mrigel (মৃগেল) | Indian major carp | LP | |
| 6 | Napti (নাপতী) | Dangila danio | LP, VU | |
| 7 | Darkina (দারকিনা) | Flying barb | LP | |
| 8 | Gharpuiya (ঘরপুঁইয়া) | Gotyla | EX | |
| 9 | Rui (রুই) | Indian major carp | LP | |
| 10 | Kalibaus (কালিবাউস) | Indian major carp | LP, VU | |
| 11 | Ghonia (ঘনিয়া) | Indian major carp | LP, VU | |
| 12 | Bhangon bata (ভাঙ্গন বাটা) | Mnor carp | LP, VU | |
| 13 | Koti (কটি) | Depalee/Dhela | LP, VU | |
| 14 | Tit punti (তিতপুঁটি) | Tic-Tac-Toe barb | LP | |
| 15 | Jatpunti (জাতপুঁটি) | Spotfin swamp barb | LP, VU | |
| 16 | Teriputi (তেরীপুঁটি) | One spot barb | LP, VU | |
| 17 | Leijja darkina (লেইজ্জা দারকিনা) | Scissortail rasbora | LP, VU | |
| 18 | Jat punti (জাতপুঁটি) | Spotfin swamp Barb | ||
| 19 | Jaya, Peali (পিওলি, জয়া) | Jaya | ||
| 20 | Gutum, Puiya (গুতুম, পুঁইয়া) | Peppered loach | ||
| 21 | Silver Carp (সিল্ভার কার্প) | Silver Carp | ||
| 22 | Carpu, Carphu (কার্পিও) | Common Carp | ||
| 23 | Grass Carp (গ্রাস কার্প) | Grasscarp, White Amur | ||
| Psilorhynchidae | ||||
| 24 | Balitora (বালিতোরা) | Baleetora minnow | LP, VU | |
| Siluridae | ||||
| 25 | Boali pabda (বোয়ালি পাবদা) | Silurid catfish | LP, VU | |
| 26 | Madhu pabda (মধু পাবদা) | Silurid catfish | LP, VU | |
| 27 | Boal (বোয়াল) | Freshwater shark | LP, VU | |
| Bagridae | ||||
| 28 | Guilla, Nona tengra (গুইল্লা/নোনা টেংরা) | Long-whiskered catfish | LP, VU | |
| 29 | Gulsha tengra (গুলশা টেংরা) | Bagrid catfish | LP, VU | |
| 30 | Bujuri tengra (বুজুরী টেংরা) | Bagrid catfish | LP | |
| 31 | Tengra (টেংরা) | Bagrid catfish | LP | |
| 32 | Aair (আইর) | Long-whiskered catfish | LP, VU | |
| 33 | Guijja aair (গুইজ্জা আইর) | Bagrid catfish | EX | |
| Schilbeidae | ||||
| 34 | Shilong (শিলং) | Schielbid catfish | LP, VU | |
| 35 | Kajoli (কাজলি) | Schielbid catfish | LP | |
| 36 | Bacha (বাচা) | Schielbid catfish | LP, VU | |
| 37 | Garua, Gaura (গাউরা/গারুয়া) | Schielbid catfish | LP, VU | |
| 38 | Batasi (বাতাসি) | Schielbid catfish | LP, VU | |
| Pangasiidae | ||||
| 39 | Pangas (পাংগাস) | Pangus catfish | EX | |
| 40 | Ariidae | |||
| 41 |
|
Mad, Kanta (মাদ/কাঁটা) | Threadfin sea catfish | EX |
| 42 |
|
Mad, Kanta (মাদ/কাঁটা) | Engraved catfish | LP, VU |
| 43 |
|
Mad, Kanta (মাদ/কাঁটা) | Spoted catfish | LP, VU |
| 44 | Kanta vukha (কাঁটা ভুখা) | Ariid catfish | EX | |
| Notopteridae | ||||
| 45 | Foli (ফলি) | Gray featherback | LP, VU | |
| 46 | Chital (চিতল) | Featherback | LP, VU | |
| Clupidae | ||||
| 47 | Kachki (কাচকি) | Ganges-river-sprat | LP, VU | |
| 48 | Chapila (চাপিলা) | Herring | LP, VU | |
| 49 | Ghoni chapila (ঘনি চাপিলা) | Herring | EX | |
| 50 |
|
Ilish, Ilsha(ইলিশ | River shad, Hilsa shad | |
| Gobiidae | ||||
| 51 |
|
Chiring (চিরিং) | Goby | LP |
| 52 | Bele (বেলে) | Tank goby | LP, VU | |
| 53 |
|
Cheua, Chiring (চেওয়া/ চিরিং) | Goby | EX |
| 54 |
|
Dahuk (ডাহুক) | Mudskipper | LP |
| 55 |
|
Baila (বাইলা) | Goby | EX |
| 56 |
|
Dahuk (ডাহুক) | Mudskipper | LP, VU |
| 57 |
|
Bele (বেলে) | Scribbled Goby | LP, VU |
| 58 | Nona baila (নোনা বাইলা) | Golden-banded Goby | EX | |
| 59 |
|
Chiring (চিরিং) | Arrowfin GobyChiring | |
| 60 |
|
Baila (বাইলা) | Knight Goby | |
| Engraulidae | ||||
| 61 |
|
Phasa (ফ্যাসা) | Moustached thryssa | LP |
| 62 |
|
Phasa (ফ্যাসা) | Dussumier’s thryssa | LP |
| 63 | Phasa (ফ্যাসা) | Gangetic hairfin anchovy | LP, VU | |
| 64 | Teli phasa (তেলী ফ্যাসা) | Scaly hairfin anchovy | LP, VU | |
| Nandidae | ||||
| 65 | Meni, Veda (মেনি/ভেদা) | Mud perch | EX | |
| Mugilidae | ||||
| 66 | Parse bata (পারশে বাটা) | Goldspot mullet | LP, VU | |
| 67 |
|
Gol bata (গোল বাটা) | Tade grey mullet | LP, VU |
| Cobitidae | ||||
| 68 | Rani, Putul (রানী/পুতুল) | Loach | LP, VU | |
| 69 | Dari (দারি) | Loach | LP, VU | |
| 70 | Dari (দারি) | Loach | LP, VU | |
| Gobioididae | ||||
| 71 |
|
Lal cheua (লাল চেওয়া) | Rubicandus eel Goby | LP, VU |
| Trypauchanidae | ||||
| 72 | Sada cheua (সাদা চেওয়া) | Burrowing Goby | LP | |
| Dorosomidae | ||||
| 73 |
|
Koipunti, Chakunda (কইপুঁটি/চাকুন্দা) | Short nose gizzard shad | EX |
| Eleotridae | ||||
| 74 | Bud bila, Kuli kalo (বুদ বাইলা/কুলি কালো) | Sleeper/Dusky sleeper | LP, VU | |
| 75 |
|
Kalo baila, Kuli (কালোবাইলা/কুলি) | Blackspot sleeper | EX |
| Platycephalidae | ||||
| 76 |
|
Morbaila (মোরবাইলা) | Flathead | LP, VU |
| 77 |
|
Kata morbaila (কাটা মোরবাইলা) | Thorny flathead | LP, VU |
| Cynoglossidae | ||||
| 78 |
|
Kukurjib, Khongi (কুকুরজিব/ খংগী) | Fourlined tonguesole | LP, VU |
| 79 | Kukurjib, Khongi (কুকুরজিব/ খংগী) | Long tonguesole | LP, VU | |
| Synbranchidae | ||||
| 80 | Kuchia (কুচিয়া) | Mud eel | EX | |
| Moringuidae | ||||
| 81 |
|
Ratabaura (রাতাবাউরা) | Purple Spaghetti-eell | EX |
| Anabantidae | ||||
| 82 | Koi (কই) | Walking fish | ||
| 83 | Kholisha (খলিশা) | Stripled Gourami | ||
| Belonidae | ||||
| 84 | Kakila, Kaikhya (কাকিঁলা) | Freshwater Garfish | ||
| Centropomidae | ||||
| 85 | Chanda,Nama Chanda (চান্দা, নামা চান্দা) | Elongate Glass-perchlet | ||
| 86 | Kata Chanda (কাঁটা চান্দা) | Indian Glassy Fish | ||
| Mastacembelidae | ||||
| 87 | Guchi Baim, Chirka (গুচি বাইম) | Striped spiny Eel | ||
| 88 | Baim, Sal Baim (বাইম, শাল বাইম) | Tite-track Spiny Eel | ||
| Sciaenidae | ||||
| 89 | koitor poa (কইতর পোয়া) | Coitor Croaker | ||
| 90 |
|
Poa, Bola (পোয়া, বোলা) | Pama Croaker | |
| Channidae | ||||
| 91 | Taki, Lata (টাকি, লাটা) | Spotted Snakehead | ||
| 92 | Shol (শোল) | Snakehead Murrel | ||
| 93 | Gajar, Gajal (গাজর, গজাল) | Giant Snakehead | ||
| 94 | Cheng, Raga (চ্যাঁং) | Walking snakehead | ||
| Heteropneustidae | ||||
| 95 | Shing, Jiol (শিং, জিওল) | Stinging catfish | ||
| Clariidae | ||||
| 96 | Magur (মাগুর) | Walking catfish |
Here, LP= less production; VU= Vulnerable; EX= Extinct
REFERENCES:
Ahmed N. 1953. Fish Fauna of East Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Science, 1: 18-24
Ahmed N. 1955. Certainobservation and the spawning of major carps in the Halda of Chittagong (East Pakistan). Journal of Zoological Society, India, 1: 101-105
IUCN (International Union for the Conservation of Nature) Bangladesh 2000. Red Book of Threatened Fishes of Bangladesh. IUCN- The world Conservation Union. 116p
Rahman MK , Akhter JN, 2006. Ichthyodiversity in the rivers and estuaries of Chittagong division division: a review. Journal of the Bangladesh Society for Agricultural Science and Technology, 3(1&2): 189-196
Rahman MK , Akhter JN, Majid MA, Jahangir MS and Nima A. 2007. Natural spawning of major carps in the River Halda, Chittagong, Bangladesh: present status, problems, management and development. Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensing. 8-11p
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